【国外标准】 Standard Test Methods for Cyanides in Water

5.1 Cyanide is highly toxic. Regulations have been established to require the monitoring of cyanide in industrial and domestic wastes and in surface waters (Appendix X1).5.2 Test Method D is applicable for natural water and clean metal finishing or heat treatment effluents. It may be used for process control in wastewater treatment facilities providing its applicability has been validated by Test Method B or C.5.3 The spot test outlined in Annex A1 can be used to detect cyanide and thiocyanate in water or wastewater, and to approximate its concentration.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of cyanides in water. The following test methods are included:  SectionsTest Method A Total Cyanides after Distillation 12 – 18Test Method B Cyanides Amenable to Chlorination2 by Difference 19 – 25Test Method C Weak Acid Dissociable Cyanides 26 – 32Test Method D Cyanides Amenable to Chlorination without Distillation (Short-Cut Method) 33 – 391.2 Cyanogen halides may be determined separately.NOTE 1: Cyanogen chloride is the most common of the cyanogen halide complexes as it is a reaction product and is usually present when chlorinating cyanide-containing industrial waste water. For the presence or absence of CNCl, the spot test method given in Annex A1 can be used.1.3 These test methods do not distinguish between cyanide ions and metallocyanide compounds and complexes. Furthermore, they do not detect the cyanates. Cyanates can be determined using ion chromatography without digestion.NOTE 2: The cyanate complexes are decomposed when the sample is acidified in the distillation procedure.1.4 The cyanide in cyanocomplexes of gold, platinum, cobalt and some other transition metals is not completely recovered by these test methods. Refer to Test Method D6994 for the determination of cyanometal complexes.1.5 Cyanide from only a few organic cyanides are recovered, and those only to a minor extent.1.6 Part or all of these test methods have been used successfully with reagent water and various waste waters. It is the user's responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 5.1, 8.8, 8.18, Section 9, 11.3, and 16.1.9.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.