【国外标准】 Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements

This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel forgings for general use. Materials shall be produced primarily by either electric-furnace, basic oxygen, vacuum-induction (VIM), or open-hearth melting process. The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting, using electro slag (ESR) or vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Steel shall be forged by any of these three classes based on forging temperature: cold-worked forging, hot-cold-worked forging, or hot-worked forging. After forging, specimens shall be allowed to cool prior to reheating for heat treatment. Details of heat and product analyses for the evaluation of chemical composition are thoroughly discussed. Tension and hardness tests shall be conducted to evaluate mechanical properties such as percentage of elongation and reduction of area. Repair welding shall not be allowed unless permitted by the product specification.1.1 This specification2 covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM:ASTM Designation Title   A266/A266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel ComponentsA288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine GeneratorsA289/A289M Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for GeneratorsA290/A290M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for Reduction GearsA291/A291M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears, and Shafts for Reduction GearsA336/A336M Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature PartsA372/A372M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure VesselsA469/A469M Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator RotorsA470/A470M Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and ShaftsA471/A471M Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and WheelsA473 Stainless Steel ForgingsA504/A504M Wrought Carbon Steel WheelsA508/A508M Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure VesselsA541/A541M Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel ComponentsA579/A579M Superstrength Alloy Steel ForgingsA592/A592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Parts for Pressure VesselsA646/A646M Premium Quality Alloy Steel Blooms and Billets for Aircraft and Aerospace ForgingsA649/A649M Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper MachineryA668/A668M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial UseA705/A705M Age-Hardening Stainless Steel ForgingsA711/A711M Steel Forging StockA723/A723M Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component ApplicationA729/A729M Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway ServiceA765/A765M Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component Forgings with Mandatory Toughness RequirementsA837/A837M Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing ApplicationsA859/A859M Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel ComponentsA891/A891M Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and WheelsA909/A909M Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Industrial UseA965/A965M Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature PartsA982/A982M Steel Forgings, Stainless, for Compressor and Turbine AirfoilsA983/A983M Continuous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed Diesel EnginesA986/A986M Magnetic Particle Examination of Continuous Grain Flow Crankshaft ForgingsA1021/A1021M Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and Forging Stock for High-Temperature ServiceA1049/A1049M Stainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and Related ComponentsA1090/A1090M Forged Rings and Hollows for Use as Base Plates in Power Transmission Structures1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of this specification.1.3 The purchaser may specify additional requirements (see 4.2.3) that do not negate any of the provisions of either this specification or of the individual product specifications. The acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must be included in the order.1.4 If, by agreement, forgings are to be supplied in a partially completed condition, that is, all of the provisions of the product specification have not been filled, then the material marking (see Section 17) and certification (see Section 16) shall reflect the extent to which the product specification requirements have been met.1.5 As noted in the Certification Section (16), the number and year date of this specification, as well as that of the product specification, are required to be included in the product certification.1.6 When the SI version of a product specification is required by the purchase order, Specification A788/A788M shall be used in conjunction with Test Methods A1058 instead of Test Methods and Definitions A370.1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.