【国外标准】 Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids

This guide describes methods of testing and specifications for electrical insulating oils of petroleum origin intended for use in electrical cables, transformers, oil circuit breakers, and other electrical apparatus where the oils are used as insulating, or heat transfer media, or both. This guide is classified into the following categories: sampling practices, physical tests, electrical tests, chemical tests, and specifications. The test methods shall be as follows: aniline point; coefficient of thermal expansion; color; examination; flash and fire point; interfacial tension; pour point of petroleum products; refractive index; relative density; specific heat; thermal conductivity; turbidity; viscosity; dielectric breakdown voltage; dissipation factor and relative permittivity; gassing tendency; resistivity; stability under electrical discharge; acidity; carbon-type composition; compatibility with construction material; copper content; furanic compounds; gas analysis; gas content; inorganic chlorides and sulfates; neutralization numbers; oxidation inhibitor content; oxidation stability; polychlorinated biphenyl content; sediment and soluble sludge; sulfur; water content; mineral insulating oil for electrical apparatus; and high firepoint electrical insulating oils.1.1 This guide describes methods of testing and specifications for electrical insulating liquids intended for use in electrical cables, transformers, liquid-filled circuit breakers, and other electrical apparatus where the liquids are used as insulating, or heat transfer media, or both.1.2 The purpose of this guide is to outline the applicability of the available test methods. Where more than one is available for measuring a given property, their relative advantages are described, along with an indication of laboratory convenience, precision, (95 % confidence limits), and applicability to specific types of electrical insulating liquids.1.3 This guide is classified into the following categories: Sampling Practices, Physical Tests, Electrical Tests, Chemical Tests, and Specifications. Within each test category, the test methods are listed alphabetically by property measured. A list of standards follows:Category Section ASTM StandardSampling:  3 D923Physical Tests:     Aniline Point  4 D611 Coefficient of Thermal Ex-  pansion  5 D1903 Color  6 D1500 Examination: Visual Infrared  7 D1524, D2144, D2129 Flash and Fire Point  8 D92 Interfacial Tension  9 D971 Pour Point of Petroleum  Products 10 D97, D5949, D5950 Particle Count in Mineral  Insulating Oil 11 D6786 Refractive Index and Specific  Optical Dispersion 12 D1218 Relative Density (Specific  Gravity) 13 D287, D1217, D1298, D1481, D4052 Specific Heat 14 D2766 Thermal Conductivity 15 D2717 Viscosity 16 D445, D2161, D7042Electrical Tests:     Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 17 D877, D1816, D3300 Dissipation Factor and Rela-  tive Permittivity (Dielectric   Constant) 18 D924Gassing Characteristic  Under Thermal Stress 19 D7150 Gassing Tendency 20 D2300 Resistivity 21 D1169Chemical Tests:     Acidity, Approximate 22 D1534 Carbon-Type Composition 23 D2140 Compatibility with Construc-  tion Material 24 D3455 Copper Content 25 D3635 Elements by Inductively  Coupled Plasma (ICP-AES) 26 D7151 Furanic Compounds in  Electrical Insulating Liquids 27 D5837 Dissolved Gas Analysis 28 D3612 Gas Content of Cable and  Capacitor Liquids 29 D831, D1827, D2945 Neutralization (Acid and  Base) Numbers 30 D664, D974 Oxidation Inhibitor Content 31 D2668, D4768 Oxidation Stability 32 D1934, D2112, D2440 Polychlorinated Biphenyl  Content (PCB) 33 D4059 Sulfur, Corrosive 34 D1275 Water Content 35 D1533Specification:     Mineral Insulating Liquid for  Electrical Apparatus 36 D3487 Less Flammable Electrical  Insulating Liquids 37 D5222 Silicone Fluid used for Electrical  Insulation 38 D4652 Natural (Vegetable Oil) Ester   Fluids used in Electrical  Apparatus 39 D68711.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.